Multiplex signaling



A i'il 5 1927.

p A. J. KLONECK MULTIPLEX SIGNALING Filed March 31. 1920 mvEAiToR.

AUGUST J. KLOIINECK, OF NEW YORK, n. Y.

MULTIPLEX SIGNALING.

Application filed. March 31, 1920. Serial No. 370,254.

This invention relates to systems and apparatus for transmitting and receiving signals or speech simultaneously, and more particularly for -transformingreceived feeble currents into strong transmitting currents. One object of the invention isto arrange suitable transmitting and receiving coils upon transformers so as to prevent actuation of receivingcii'cuits by transmitting cur-- rents. r I

Another object of the invention is to arrange circuits' for a line substation to. operate the main transmitting station and receive therefrom without interference of any of the stations with its own transmission and receipt of messages. I

A further. object of the invention is to provide the main station with a multiplex signaling system, whereby a transmitting current does not affect another transmitting circuit and the receivingcircuits without regarding. their operation at any current frequencies. 1

.The invention has, for an object the controlling powerful currents for transmission by cables," over long-distancelines andflloy wireless, to a large number of listeners, and also 'to receive signals or speech simultaneously therefrom or from any other station. V 1

To attain the above and other allied objects I have employed a novel arrangement 7 of circuits and'velements herein more fully described and shown in the accompanying drawing.

The figure upon the drawing shows a diagrammatic View of elementsand electrical circuits to attain the above objects. Such elements as are commonly employed in con nection with station's as for. instance, sounders, relays, or calling devices have been omitted as not necessary for a complete understanding of. the device.

Referring more particularly tothe drawings, letter A denotes transmitting con- I ductors from transformers T,.Ta and T?) of I 2 is transmitting, then current in coils S or X will inductively oppose one another by apparatuswhich terminate in; antennas G and ground G" or tea coil antenna G or to line wiresor cables or in any, combination of the above as convenient or desired. Said conductors A. are terminals ofrtwo oscillation circuits l and 3 connected in multiple to one another. Circuit 1 comprises condenser C and transformer coils S ands and further a resistance 0 shunted by a microphone ning.

V former t.

M and switch 'w Circuit 3 comprises in-"' ductance I and coils S ands? Said oscillation circuits 1 and 3' have separate signaling apparatus which in the preferred combination embrace an alternating current generator E and a dynamo D arranged'to: 4

getlier to operate separately or in series with one another and a transformer P. A choke coil K,'a resistance 0, a inicrophonem, a

telegraph key Y and switch to are. included in the circuits. in a circuit including a bridged condenser Transformer P terminates" F,-a quenched spark gap Q'and separate tlier, a: spark gap 9. The spark gap 9 serves for several purposes. It forms a small bridged condenser and permits sharper tuning of the circuit; further, by switching coils It or If out it compensates the circuit by placing another spark gap 9 in operation which at the increased potential at its terminals becomes operative, and further it protects the transmitting apparatus While the other side is transmitting or from light- A receiving circuit 5 isin inductive'connection with transformers t and T and by the latter with conductors A, and comprises I coil Z on transformer T and-coil a on trans- Y The coils Z and z are arranged so as to be oppositely energized and neutral I when transmitting energy energizescoils and w or -X and 00 The single pair of coils Z and a of the receiving circuit-5 terminate intwo circuits -6 and 7, adaptedfor separateoperation in multiple to one another or by a switch W, they forma two stage operation wherebycircuit 7 forms a detectmg and circuit 6'the amplifying receiving circuit. The receiving circuits comprise tuning'coils L and Z; condenser 0 and. a

loading inductance z, if desired. I I

The coils of the transmitting circuits 1, 2, and '3, i are arranged to act neutralizing upon one another; For instance, ifcircuit currents induced by coils X and S Furthermore, currents in coils S and will oppose one another by currents from coils m audit, and S and h, and neutralize one another, if only one sid-e2 or dis-em- V 65 sment rSincei'the gpositiveiielectriccurrent i desire.

. tuned by thelatter to act as interference preventers upon the receiving TJIECllltS,

The circuits 1, 2, 3 and 4 may be'operatec in various modifications to suit a particular Circuits 3 and 4 for instance, will he adjusted tobe n-eutral with respect to currents from circuits 1 and 2, or Vice Versa.

This can be accomplished in ,diiferent ways. For instance, if coil X is energized it may 1 0 energize the coils S and S in opposed directions while current from coil S iwill flow JH'ISEI'IGS iWzlth :current from c011 'S and thus oppositely through coils S and S with respect tor-.the energization' from coil X with i willtoppose-one another in circuits 3 and 4.

coils of' circuits 1 and 2.

,7 i; Inany' case-the voltages of the opposing tralize one another.

' Furthermore, one may I andX by short circuit-mg spark gap Q and 15 use only coils hand 72?. In this case, a current energization of coil 'h from circuit 2 will cause a current flow through coil S toward circuit?) in one direction and coil S .7 of circuit 11 will inductively act on coil S :of circuit 3 in the opposed direction and vthus no current will flow in circuit 3 which latter, if :tuned :to a difi'erent frequency as thatiwhich operat'esj in circuit 1, willstill further prevent any interference of one circuit upon theothe-i'.' Also it will be clear wthat circuit' i may be omitted if desired and I ,coiils'ias for'instan'ce coils h and if maybe adjusted to"be equal but opposed to the v "voltage of coils or X ai if the other circuit is transmitting I Ineach case" the rwoltages of the coils may be adjusted to completely balance in all circuits 1, 2, 3

and/i or be balanced in circuits 1'3 or I, However, will be noted tha't" I may omit certain circuits if desired, as tor. instance, I may omit circuit '5' and 'trains former t with the "coils 2 w and x if desired to use only "a duplex system for signaling with circuits 2 and 4. In this, p :case,' a-currcnt excitation of coil X will pro duce a secondary current in coil X and circuit 4 in one direction as shown by the f full 'line arrows; and by energization from p v .icoil Ih through coils s and s a secondary Y 4 current in :coil h? and the circuit 4 in an opposed direction ito coil X and thus neu- '=circui-ts:2 and-5 employed for cooperation.

. Two separate-receiving circuits 6 and 7 V j are provided of which each is connected to Q5 one of said tuning couplers L and Z; each receiving circuit comprising an audion detector U" having a' -heavting filament j and three electrodes of grid :01 coil shape arranged iipnsafterwanother with respect to the 'fi l'aomit the coils X desired receiver in circuit 8 may be used in circuit esser/9 surgesfrom a cold toward the hot electrode,

the intermediate electrodes serve to modify and to intercept said current from the far- 'trode e; theiother terminal is connected to an intermediate po nt '0 of a leaCtlOIICOil V. One end of the coil'V is connected to the innermost electrode e or the electrode nearest the filament. The other end of coil V 'is connected through a telephone receiver R and a batteryB'to the outermost electrode out the audion detector U. In shunt with the audion electrodes are arranged high resistances 0, which may be inductive. In shunt with the telephone receiverR in circuit 7 is a coil V. In shuntwith the telephone receiver R in circuit 6 is a coil X on a transformer T. Two line coils S and 8' arranged upon transformers T and t are inductively vconnected to coils Z and a of a line receiving circuit 8. The latter com" prises a line listening receiver R and an electromagnetic relay microphone m adapted to operate microphone m'by battery current '6. A microphone M with a battery 5 is used to' transmit speech by the microphone M. I 'i A substation 9 adapted to operate the above described station apparatus comprises a microphone M in series with a battery B and coils X and 00 upon two transformers T and '5. "Two receiving coils Z" and 2 are arranged in opposition to coils X and '00" upon said transformers T and t and connected with a receiver R.

Transformer T of the substation 9 is con-- the transmitting circuit 6. Besides the two line coils S .and s thereis a neutralizing tery b by a. Morse key Y with line N, if A microphone m and also the 6 to communicate with substation 9. r

coil .n on transformerT, connecting a bat- An explanation otthe operationo'f the coils Z, z, S, s and X is as follows An amplified received current from circuit 6 V will energize coil X" directly and by the latter coils S and Zinductivel-y. Now induced current through coil S of the line connected in-circuits so that current inthe same will be neutralized. if thecoils are en- 7 ergized by coil X, But by employing in circuit Shaving coils Z 2 10 times greater resistance than in circuit '9 havingcoils 8'19, :the curren for neutralizi g rcuit- 8 and coils Z z will be only a fraction of the line or antenna.

the transmitting current depending upon the energizing losses, while the greater part of the transmitting current will surge to -circuits 9- and the line. But if the line 9 is transmitting then the coils Z"a"'are not opposing coils S's of the line and thus a full line current may operate upon the line receiving circuit 8.

The operation of circuits 5 and 9 is partially inversely with respect to circuit 6. While as previously pointed out coil X of circuit 6 is the transmitting or repeating coil upon one of two-transformers, I employ in circuits 2, 5 and 9 two transmitting coils Xx or Xm upon two transformers which directly oppose and neutralize the two receiving coils Z and a of circuit 9, for instance, or coils Z z of'circuit 5 and connect a single transformer with each one of said transmitting and receiving coils to The circuit 9 further shows a transmitting current neutralizing receiving apparatus by employing a separate neutralizing coil in circuit with key Y.

Having now fully described my invention I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. A system for signaling including two local circuits and apparatus forsimultaneous operation, a system of conductors for common use by said local circuits, means for branching the latter to two independently tuned local branch circuits, means for inductively connecting each of said branch circuits with another of said two local circuits including a common transformer for both branch and local circuits and a separate transformer for each of said branch and local circuits, and means for proportioning the number of turns and the mag-, netic relation of the coils upon said transformers so as to produce equal but opposed energizations of one of said local circuits upon the other of said local circuits.

2. A system for signaling including local transmitting and receiving circuits and ap paratus and common communicating conductors, a common transformer including coils from said transmitting circuit, said receiving circuit and from said common communicating conductors, another trans former including coils from said transmitting and said receiving circuits, means for providing the coils of said transmitting and,

said receiving circuits upon said transformcrs with a similar ratio of turns but opposed magnetic fields, and means for providing the receiving circuit with a comparatively high impedance, for the purpose set forth.

3. A system for signaling including transmitting and receiving circuits and apparatus, and common signal energy conveyors, four transformers, one of said transformers including coilsfor'two of said transmitting in coils from said two transmittin circuits 'and'said receiving circuit'of the'same ratios of turns but of opposed magnetic 7 field between sai'dtransmitting circuits with respect to said receiving circuit uponsaid first mentioned transformer, all, substan-' tially as set forth.

4. A system for signaling'including local transmitting and receiving circuits andcom mon energy conveying 'conductors, two

transformers, said transmitting circuit comprising coils upon one of said transformers, said receiving .circuit and said common energy conveying conductors comprising coils upon both of said transformers of the same magnetic relation so that an energization of the energy conveying conductors from said. transmitting circuit through said first mentioned transformer Will produce an opposing and neutralizing effect upon the receiving circuit through the second of said transformers. V

5. A system for signaling including two local transmitting circuits, and two local receiving circuits and common energy conveying conductors, the latter forming two hranchcircuits, means for tuning each of said branch circuits, a plurality of transformers, one of said transformers including coils for each of said transmittingcircuits, said receiving circuits and said two branch circuits, another of said transformers comprising coils from each of said transmitting circuits and from said receiving circuits, said coils from said transmitting circuits having the same relati've'ratio to the coils of said receiving circuits upon both of said mentioned two transformers but having opposed magnetic fields, and means for inductively connecting said transmitting circuits with said branch circuits through separate from said mentioned two transformers, said coils from each of said transmitting circuits being so proportioned and magnetically opposing the coils of the other of said transmitting circuits as to produce a with the other in a magnetically opposed nd in perative r lation wi respectt an en 'giizafiion-ifr m eah another o said loca ;cir011; ts, a d mews-i501- uni g each of said :7. 'A ys te'm Graig-nailing including inde- 'ingfcojls 1 13011 saidLuirisiormiars including coils upon me i' said transformers co nested in a magnetically opposedaridnunoperative relat ian, said bnzulch ciirguits include reaqtances for tuning ,saidlcircuit's to a different fr equency between one i lmther.

1n estimany wh re I he unto subscribe my name thisfi h day f May; 1919 AUGUST 1. KLONECKQ 

